Frame. The frame itself is out of sheet steel pressed with the press. It is narrowed with before making it possible to turn in a very reduced circle, and slightly raised with the back, in order to give more freedom to the springs.
The frame side girders are prolonged backwards in order to form dumb irons; these hands are joined together by a large tube which braces the frame and makes the unit very rigid. Casings, envisaged on this tube, make it possible to fix at it the supports of fastener of the tank at pressure, which is thus firmly maintained, without overhang.
Thanks to this device, the driving axle could be deferred very behind, which ensures an excellent suspension by the suppression of the overhang of the places postpones, while allowing the establishment of very comfortable body broad and easy entries;
The frame rests on its axles by means of long and flexible springs, with weak arrow, giving a very soft suspension. All the ends of the springs are provided bolt-greasing devices, soaked and rectified.
Engine. - The engine is with 4 run cylinders of only one block. The cylinder bore is 90 m/m and the travel of the pistons of 140 m/m. The cylinders are excentric in order to improve the output and to decrease wear. The aspiration and exhaust valves interchangeable and are ordered by only one camshaft. Their visit is simpler. The stems of the valves, the springs and the push rods are locked up. Two inspection doors maintained by nut-butterflies, very easily allow y to have access.
The steel crankshaft with nickel-chromium with high strength, soaked and rectified, turns in 3 broad bearings out of bronze, doubled of antifriction metal, fixed in the aluminium casing. This last rests by four legs well nervées on a false pressed frame and carries the magneto, the carburettor, the belt ventilator and its tightener the lower part of the casing is dismounted very easily and thus allows to the visit of the big ends These last are furnished with antifriction metal.
Engine 18/24 HP. “Springuel”, carburizing side.
The carburettor of the mark ZENITH, is rigorously automatic and makes it possible to obtain a very reduced consumption. It is fool-proof, because it comprises neither arises, nor valve of air; it gives to the engine a great flexibility, and ensures of the very frank and very clear recoveries, without any failure.
Lighting is done by magneto BOSCH, with high voltage, models armoured.
Cooling is with water circulation per thermosiphon. Piping, of great section, is to the minimum reduced possible length, in order to not offer any resistance to the circulation of water. A ventilator, provided with a belt tightener, produces a strong air drainage through the radiator with great surface placed in front of the frame.
The ordering of the camshaft and the magneto is done by two quiet chains, very largely calculated and provided with a device allowing to regulate the tension of it very easily and without dismounting though it is. The ordering of the distribution by quiet chains present of great advantages, under condition however that it is, established in an impeccable way and very carefully carried out It is absolutely necessary to adapt an adjusting device making it possible to it to give to the chains the suitable tension, and this device must be sensitive and soft to operate way so that one can easily realize, without anything of dismounting, of the state of tension of the chains; finally when the suitable tension is obtained, it is necessary to be able to block the device vigorously in order to avoid any inopportune maladjustment.
Engine 18/24 HP “Springuel”. Details of distribution.
The system which we studied satisfied fully in these conditions.
The ordering of the camshaft is ensured by a quiet chain of great width gearing with pinions with special teeth, fixed on the crankshaft and the camshaft.
The chain passes moreover on a pinion insane tensioner assembled on an eccentric tree, whose end before outgoing of the casing, is provided with a square being used for the adjustment of the tension. This tree is maintained in place by means of a notched stem formant corner which vigorously comes to block the tree when one tightens the nut A which finishes it and which is located above the timing-gear case. Lastly, another nut located on the front face of the casing, makes it possible to tighten the base plate of the eccentric tree against the lid of the casing, and thus ensures the second blocking independent of the first. Rigidity is perfect and absolute safety.
It is necessary to notice that the pinion tensioner is placed on the chain strand which does not work; the effort on this pinion is thus very weak and the adjustment of the chain can be made with a high degree of accuracy.
Smallest of the pinions a sufficient number of teeth has to avoid any abnormal tiredness of the chain and the 3 pinions are laid out so that the chain gears on each one of them with the greatest number of possible teeth, conditions very favorable to the correct operation of the system and its conservation
The magneto is ordered in a similar way by a quiet chain located in front of the first and provided like it with the same expander.
The driving shaft of the magneto carries the pulley actuating the ventilator; it actuates the magneto by the intermediary of adjustable elastic joining, making it possible to vary the point of lighting with the greatest facility and to maintain in advance always the degree most favorable to the good walk of the engine.
Reference marks traced on the wheel and the magneto avoids any groping in the adjustment.
Greasing of the engine is internal, entirely automatic and fool-proof. The driver does not have to be occupied some, if is not to replace the oil provision when it is exhausted.
Here how it is assured. The lower part of the casing is consisted an oil tank than one fills by a broad pipe provided with a metal filter. A float provided with a stem which appears with the higher part of the casing indicates the quantity of oil contained in the tank. A small pump, ordered by a 'vertical shaft receiving its movement of the camshaft via two helicoid pinions, draws the oil of the tank and drives back it in a slope which runs all along the engine inside the higher casing. This pump is located at the lower part of the tank than oil; it is thus always charges some and is not likely to be defused.
The oil driven back in the slope, falls, by openings suitably laid out, in 4 basins, arrivals of cast iron with the casing, and in which come to plunge the small spoons located under the heads of the rods. The height of these basins was regulated once for all, in order to ensure a suitable greasing, without excess. As soon as the level necessary is reached, the basins overflow and oil in excess falls down in the tank; the greasing remains thus absolutely regular until complete exhaustion 'of the oil provision poured in the tank and is never influenced by the downward inclines. A simple pressure gauge, connected on the discharge pipe, indicates to the driver that the greasing functions and informs it as soon as the oil reserve starts to become exhausted. Lastly, the channels still leave the slope of repression and lead oil to the 3 stages of the crankshaft, with those of the camshaft, with the eccentric axes of the pinions tensioners and all the places to be lubricated.
This system gives any safety and gets large, saving in oil thanks to the regularity of the greasing which makes it possible to regulate consumption with bare essential. It is moreover very clean and contributes to give to the engine an aspect Net and released in consequence of the absence of any external piping.
A broad drain plug makes it possible to empty the oil tank.
Air pump. - When the frame is ordered with gasoline tank under pressure, the engine is provided with a small air pump, ordered by the camshaft, and intended to maintain in the tank the pressure necessary. One thus avoids the use of the pulsometers connected on the exhaust of the engine and whose operation is never sure and regular.
The engine and its accessories, magneto, carburetor, ventilator, system lubrication, form a unit released and very simple, of which all the parts are quite accessible and easily dismountable, without cumbersome pipings or linkages. Its operation is soft and quiet, and its excellent output.
Clutch - The clutch is with opposite cone, furnished with leather. It is the simplest type, most robust and surest. When a clutch with leather is studied and built well well, it gives perfect results and an absolute progressiveness. The clutch of our car 18/24 HP answers all the requirements; it is of a progressiveness such as one can easily start in the fourth speed.
The apparatus is composed of a cone female reversed, consisted an aluminium, cast iron C crown fixed at the wheel V of the engine male cone A furnished with leather, is bolted on a plate P finished by a casing D which can turn and slide on the prolongation B of the crankshaft of the engine. The male cone is thus perfectly centered by report/ratio with the cone female, condition essential with the correct operation of the apparatus.
The spring of clutch R takes support, of a share on the wheel, in addition on the plate P via a thrust ball bearing E. It results from it that this clutch gives moving any reaction, neither on the engine, nor on the shifting of speed; it is thus rigorously balanced.
Disengaging is obtained by the action of the pedal on a ball bearing 1, contained in a bronze F cage, by the intermediary of forks not illustrated on the drawing. The effort necessary to disengaging is very weak, so that the operation is very soft and much easier than with the metal clutches.
The clutch is joined together with the shifting of speed by two very neat cardan joints, in order to avoid the accidental deformations of the frame. The greasing of the first joint of the Cardan joint is ensured by a greasing device Stauffer G, which lubricates at the same time the casing D, the bearing of disengaging 1 and the thrust ball bearing E.
The second joint of the Cardan joint is lubricated with the means of a syringe belonging to the tools of the car and which one screws on the ring of the Cardan joint. This last contains rooms which fill of grease that the centrifugal force chasse' little by little in the articulations.
Thanks to these provisions, the maintenance of this clutch is excessively simple. Its disassembling is also very easy and is done without touching neither with the engine nor with the shifting of speed.
Klinkamer on 12 HP Springuel, at the beginning in Ostend. It is classified SECOND behind P. Lamarche also
on Springuel, in all the test of Ostend, Calais, Boulogne and Touquet.
Shifting of speed --- The box speeds is with two wandering trains and comprises four speeds before and a reverse gear ordered by only one lever. The fourth speed is in direct catch. The black walkman in service is engaged automatically, in order to what it cannot come in catch fortuitously. The trees of the shifting of speed are very short and of large diameters, so that they cannot vibrate. They all are assembled on ball bearings. All the gears are out of steel B. NR. D. whose resistance is well-known the casing itself is of only one part, jointless, which avoids any oil leakage and gives a very robust unit, the movement of ordering of the walkmans is in the box even shifting of speed; the order is thus very simple and fool-proof.
With the back of the shifting of speed, brake foot-operated is consisted a steel drum inside of which two steel half-segments, furnished with special cast iron bands are placed. These segments can deviate by the action from a cam, and cause then a very energetic braking, some progressive. The play take-up and the adjustment of the brake are done very easily in a few seconds, with the hand, without any tool
The shifting of speed, the brake and leave device (the adjustment, are entirely located under the floor before car; they are thus always easy to visit. It is an advantage on the frames in which the shifting of speed is under the operator's seat, because it is then necessary to remove the body to visit it suitably and to lie down under the car to regulate the brake. And the adjustment accessibility of a brake is a guarantee of very large safety. because too often and in spite of the importance of this body, one neglects his visit because it is badly placed, and his adjustment because it is inconvenient.
Tree with Cardan joints. - The transmission of of the shifting of speed to the back crane, is done by a tree provided with each one of its ends of an universal joint . Each one of these joints comprises 2 hollow axes, in which one introduces grease intended to lubricate the articulations. For this purpose, each of the two joints is provided with a threaded bushing which one removes and in the place of which one screws a compressor has grease, delivered with each car, then one stuffs grease until refusal; the two axes of each joint fill by only one operation, because they communicate between them by their medium; after which one screws up the stopper on the axis. When the car works the centrifugal force drives out little by little grease in the articulations, which prevents at the same time mud from penetrating there.
This greasing is automatic and gives excellent results; it is enough, for a normal use. to fill the axes with grease, all the 3 or 4 weeks.
Bridge postpones with towards. Back of our type 18/24 HP hold has the effect of having the rockets slightly inclined on the horizontal one, i.e. it has towards, which makes it possible to give set to the wheels. The advantages of this provision are well-known and its influence on the conservation of the tires is certainly very important. Unfortunately the realization of such a system of bridge is not without presenting certain difficulties and its cost price is much higher than that of an ordinary bridge without towards. Nevertheless, for more than four years that we build this system of bridge, our customers have shown themselves some so satisfied, as well from the point of view of the robustness as with that of the saving in tires, than we did not hesitate to continue to provide our frames with them, in spite of his high cost price
Now unintermitting we examine could give towards to this type of bridge.
The movement coming from the shifting of speed is transmitted by the tree to Cardan joint to a part B, in which a brace C is taken. provided with small bevel gears D. These pinions gear of a share with the pinion E; in addition, with the pinion F. The first pinion E is fixed on a tree H, on which is also fixed a pinion L, gearing itself with a crown M, interdependent of the tree P, involve the straight wheel of the car.
As for the second pinion F, it relates, fixed to its prolongation, a pinion J, gearing with a crown K, interdependent of the tree 0, which involves the left wheel of the car. The report/ratio of the number of teeth of conical couple LM, is the same one as that of couple JK. The whole of the pinions D, E and F constitutes a differential movement, but as this differential is laid out between the axes of the wheels, like that is usually done, nothing does not oblige to place these axes in straight line. One can thus incline them as it is wanted, in order to obtain it towards suitable.
In addition to allowing it towards, this provision still has the advantage of being able to use a smaller differential, since it works on a rotating shaft more quickly. Moreover, the effort of the engine, instead of being transmitted to one only bevel wheel is R left on the two crowns K and M, which receive each one of it only half.
All the movements are entirely assembled on ball bearings. Let us observe that each aft wheel rolls on two ball bearings U, supported directly by the tubes of the bridge R and Q, out of forged steel it thus does not have no door with forgery there. Trees 0 and P pass inside these tubes and actuate the hubs S of the wheels by means of the claws T. These trees thus do not work with the inflection and cannot distort itself. The whole of this bridge is very robust and its extremely neat construction
Connection of the bridge to the frame. - The bridge is connected to the frame by the back springs, which are very broad and are used as poussarts. The reaction of holds is balanced by a single strut, out of buckled plate, whose end finished in kneecap, is locked up in a box provided with springs shock absorbers.
The whole is lubricated by only one greasing device with consistent grease located at the outside of the frame, therefore quite accessible.
Front axle. --- The front axle is out of forged nickel steel, of section in double T. The rockets, very robust, are provided with ball bearing.
Tires.--- The four wheels are provided with rims for tires of 815/105 or 820/120. On request, we provide our frames with wheels for tires of other dimensions.
Direction. The direction with endless screw is irreversible. It is provided with shock absorbers with kneecaps; tents the parts out of forged steel and are strongly proportioned, in way to give an absolute safety. The bar of connection of the direct wheels is behind axle, protected well from the shocks
Brakes.--- The car is provided with three brakes; one on the shifting of speed , ordered by a pedal, and two on the aft wheels, ordered by a hand lever. These three brakes are metal and very powerful, though progressive. Their adjustment is extremely simple and is done very quickly.
The brakes on wheels are with balanced tightening. avoiding the dangers of skid resulting from an unequal braking on the two wheels. They with interior tightening and are entirely contained.
The jaws of the 3 brakes are identical and interchangeable.
Limousine on frame Springuel 16/20 HP.